TY - JOUR AU - Humeniuk, Heorhii V. AU - Rosspeintner, Arnulf AU - Licari, Giuseppe AU - Kilin, Vasyl AU - Bonacina, Luigi AU - Vauthey, Eric AU - Sakai, Naomi AU - Matile, Stefan TI - White-Fluorescent Dual-Emission Mechanosensitive Membrane Probes that Function by Bending Rather than Twisting PY - 2018 JF - Angewandte Chemie International Edition JA - Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed. SN - 1433-7851 VL - 57 IS - 33 SP - 10559 EP - 10563 L1 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anie.201804662 L2 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/anie.201804662 L3 - http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/anie.201804662 M3 - 10.1002/anie.201804662 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201804662 N2 - Bent N,N′‐diphenyl‐dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazine amphiphiles are introduced as mechanosensitive membrane probes that operate by an unprecedented mechanism, namely, unbending in the excited state as opposed to the previously reported untwisting in the ground and twisting in the excited state. Their dual emission from bent or “closed” and planarized or “open” excited states is shown to discriminate between micelles in water and monomers in solid‐ordered (So), liquid‐disordered (Ld) and bulk membranes. The dual‐emission spectra cover enough of the visible range to produce vesicles that emit white light with ratiometrically encoded information. Strategies to improve the bent mechanophores with expanded π systems and auxochromes are reported, and compatibility with imaging of membrane domains in giant unilamellar vesicles by two‐photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) microscopy is demonstrated. ID - 1628 ER -