1.  List of new parties

name of party first election type of party votes % documents
Australia
Democratic Labor Party of Australia (DLP) 1955.1 1 5.2 fu28f, mr4f
Queensland Labor Party 1958.1 1 1.6 mr4f
Communist Party of Australia - Marxist-Leninist (CPA-ML) 1966.1 2 0.41 eb466f, fu28f, day26f
Liberal Reform Group/Australia Party 1966.1 1 0.9 fu24, mr4f
Socialist Party of Australia (SPA) 1972.1 2 ? eb467, day28
Liberal Movement 1974.1 2 0.8 fu30, mr4f
Workers Party 1975.1 1 ? fu37
Australian Democrats 1977.1 2 9.4 fu24f, mr4f, day25
Socialist Workers' Party (SWP) 1983.1 1 0.5 day29
Nuclear Disarmament Party (NDP) 1984.1 1 0.2 day28
Vallentine Peace Group 1987.1 2 ? day28
Call to Australia Party 1990.1 1 0.97 day29
Austria
Verband der Unabhängigen (VdU)

(League of Independents)

1949.1 1 11.7 mr26
Europäische Föderalistische Partei EFP

(European Federalist Party)

1962.1 1 0.007 mch36
Demokratische Fortschrittliche Partei (DFP)

(Democratic Progressive Party)

1966.1 2 3.3 mr26
Marxistisch-Leninistische Partei Oesterreichs

(Marxist-Leninst Party of Austria)

1966.1 2 ? eb47, day32, mch43
Nationaldemokratische Partei (NDP)

(National Democratic Party)

1966.1 1 ? day32
Gruppe Revolutionärer Marxisten (GRM)

(Revolutionary Marxist Group)

1975.1 1 0.02 day32, mch39
Christilich-Soziale Arbeitsgemeinschaft

(Christian Social Working Group)

1979.1 1 0.66 day30
Alternative Liste Oesterreichs (ALOe)

(Alternative List)

1983.1 1 1.4 mr26
Vereinte Grünen Oesterreichs (VGOe)

(United Greens of Austria)

1983.1 1 1.9 mr26, gor18
Belgium
Volksunie

(Volksunie)

1954.1 2 2.2 mr42, day60
Front démocratique des Bruxellois francophones (FDF)

(Francophone Democratic Front)

1965.1 1 1.3 mr42, day58
Front démocratique wallon

(Walloon Democratic Front)

1965.1 1 0.1 mr43
Front wallon

(Walloon Front)

1965.1 1 0.5 mr43
Parti wallon des travailleurs (PWT)

(Walloon Workers' Party)

1965.1 1 0.5 mr42
Partei der Deutschsprachigen Belgier (PDB)

(German Minority)

1971.1 1 0.1 mr42, day60
Parti du travail (PDT)

(Labour Party)

1974.1 1 0.4 eb50, mr43
Parti Féministe Unifié (PFU)

(Unified Feminist Party)

1974.1 1 ? day61f
Agalev

(Flemish-speaking Greens)

1977.1 1 0.1 mr43f, day60
Ecolo

(Francophone Greens)

1977.1 1 0.4 mr43f
Ligue revolutionaire des travailleurs Parti socialiste ouvrier (POS SAP)

(Revolutionary Workers'League)

1977.1 1 0.3 mr42, eb51
Union democratique pour le respect du travail (UDRT RAD)

(Democratic Union for the Respect of Labour)

1978.1 1 0.9 mr43f day58
Partij van de Arbeid van Belgie/ Parti du Travail de Belgique (Pvda/PTB)

(Belgian Labour Party)

1985.1 1 0.7 day56
Front National - Nationaal Front (FN - NF)

(National Front)

1985.1 1 ? ejpr364
Belgie-Europe-Belgique (BEB)

(Belgium-Europe)

1991.1 2 0.2 ejpr365
Radikale Omvormers Strijders en Strubbelaars voor een Eerlijke Maatschappji - Rassemblement omni-prÚsent social et solidaire pour l-ubiquitÚ des masses (ROSSEM-ROSSUM)

(Radical Reformers fighting for an upright Society)

1991.1 1 3.2 ejpr365
Canada
Ralliement des créditistes du Québec

(Creditist Rally of Quebec)

1965.1 1 4.7 mr68
Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada 1972.1 1 ? day89
Libertarian Party of Canada 1974.1 1 ? day92
Rhinoceros Party 1979.1 1 0.5 mr60
Workers'Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) 1979.1 1 ? day92
Unparty (of Canada) 1980.1 1 ? day91
Western Canada Concept (WCC) 1980.1 1 ? day91
Confederation of Regions-Western Party 1984.1 1 0.5 mr60, day92
Green Party 1984.1 1 0.2 co75, mr60, day88
Parti Nationaliste du Québec

(Nationalist Party of Quebec)

1984.1 1 0.7 mr60, day92
Representative Party (RP) 1984.1 1 ? day92
Christian Heritage Party of Canada 1988.1 1 0.8 co75
Rassemblement Démocratique pour l'Indépendance (RDI)

(Democratic Movement for Independence)

1988.1 2 ? day92
Parti Indépendantiste

(Independence Party)

1988.1 2 ? day92
Party for Commonwealth 1988.1 1 0.06 co75
Reform Party 1988.1 1 2.1 co74 mr60
Denmark
De Uafhaengige

(Independens Party)

1953.2 2 2.7 mch166f, mr90f
Socialistik Folkeparti

(Socialist People's PArty)

1960.1 2 6.1 eb58f, mr90f, day136
Liberalt Centrum

(Liberal Centre)

1966.1 2 2.3 mch168, mr90f
Venstresocialisterne

(Left Socialist Party)

1968.1 2 2.3 eb58, mch168f, mr90f, day133
Kristeligt Folkeparti

(Christian People's Party)

1971.1 1 2.0 mch161f, mr90, day130f
Centrum Demokraterne

(Centre Democrats)

1973.1 2 7.8 mr90f, day130, mch161
Fremskridspartiet

(Progress Party)

1973.1 1 15.9 mch172f, mr90f, day134
Pensionistspartiet

(Pensioner's Party)

1977.1 1 0.9 mch171f
Kommunistisk Arbejderparti (KAP)

(Communist Worker's Party)

1979.1 1 0.4 day132
Socialistisk Arbejderparti (SAP)

(Socialist Workers' Party)

1981.1 1 0.1 eb59, day136f
Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti/Marxister-Leninister (DKP/ML)

(Communist Party of Denmark)

1984.1 1 0.1 eb57f, day131
Faelles Kurs

(Common Course)

1987.1 1 2.2 mr90, day131
Det Humanistiske Parti

(Humanist Party)

1987.1 1 0.2 day133
De Gronne

(The Greens)

1987.1 1 1.3 mr90, day132
Finland
Vapaamielisten Liitto

(Liberal League)

1951.1 2 0.3 mch214, mr111f
Suomen Krisillinen Liitto

(Christian League)

1958.1 1 0.2 mch200, mr111, day169f
Tyoevaeen ja Pienviljelijaein Sosialdemokraatrtinen Liitto

(Social Democratic League of Workers and Smallholders)

1958.1 2 1.7 mch220, mr111f
Suomen Maaseudun Puolue

(Finnish Rural Party)

1962.1 2 2.2 mr111f, day170
Perustululaillinen Oikeistopuolue (POP)

(Constitutional Party of Finland)

1975.1 2 1.6 mch198f, mr111f, day169
Suomen Kansan Yhtenäisyyden Puolue SKYP

(Finish Preople's Unity Party)

1975.1 2 1.6 eb64, mch207
Suomen Yksityisyrittäjäin Puoluejärjesté

(Finish Private Entrepreneurs' Party)

1975.1 1 0.4 mch207
Kansalaisvallan Liitto

(Union for Democracy)

1975.1 2 1.7 mr111, day172
Vihreae Liitto

(Greens)

1983.1 1 1.4 mr112, day171
Kansallinen Demokraattinen Puolue (KDP)

(National Democratic Party)

1983.1 1 ? day172
Demokraattinen Vaihtoehto

(Democratci Alternative)

1987.1 2 4.2 day169, mr112
Suomen Eläkelaeisten Puoloe

(Pensioners' Party)

1987.1 1 1.2 mr112, day172d
France
Centre National des Indépendants (CNI)

(National Centre of Independants)

1951.1 1 ? mch279f, day181f
Rassemblement du Peuple Français (RPF)

(Rally of the French People)

1951.1 1 21.8 mch267, mr141f, day185
Union pour la défence des commerçants et artisans (UDCA)

(Poujadists - Union for the Defence of Traders and Artisans)

1956.1 1 11.7 mch307f, mr141
Union des forces démocratiques (UFD)

(Union of Democratic Forces)

1958.1 1 1.2 mr141
Fédération national des Républicains indépendents

(Independent Republicans)

1962.1 2 2.3 mr141f
Centre du progrès et de la démocratie moderne

(Democratic Centre)

1967.1 2 14.1 mch253ff, mr141f
Parti Communiste Marxiste-Léniniste Français (PCMLF)

(Marxist-Leninist Communist Party)

1967.1 1 ? mch274, day180
Centre democratie et progres (CDP)

(Centre Democracy and Progress)

1973.1 2 3.8 mr141f
Mouvement des radicaux de gauche (MRG)

(Left Radicals)

1973.1 2 1.7 mch278, mr141f, day180
Ligue Communist Rvolutionnaire (LCR)

(Revolutionary Communist League)

1973.1 2 ? eb72f, day187
Lutte ouvriere (LO)

(Workers' Struggle)

1973.1 1 0.8 eb75f mr141 day192f
Organisation Combat Communiste (OCC)

(Communist Combat Organization)

1978.1 2 ? day176
Comités Communistes pour l'Autogestion (CCA)

(Communist Committees for Self-Management)

1978.1 1 ? day176
Démocratie Chrétienne Franþaise (DCF)

(French Christian Democracy)

1978.1 1 ? day177
Ecologistes

(Greens)

1978.1 1 2.0 mr142
Mouvements des Démocrates

(Movement of Democrats)

1978.1 1 ? day181
Front National

(National Front)

1978.1 1 0.3 mr142, day182f
Parti des Forces Nouvelles (PFN)

(New Forces Party)

1978.1 2 ? day183
Nouvelle Action Royaliste (NAR)

(New Royalist Action)

1978.1 2 ? day183
Parti Social-Démocrate (PSD)

(Social Democratic Party)

1978.1 2 ? mch255f, day188
Fédération Nationale des Gaullistes de ProgrÞs (FNGP)

(National Federation of Progressive Gaullists)

1981.1 2 ? day182
Parti Communiste Révolutionnaire Marxiste-Léniniste (PCRML)

(Revolutionary Marxist-Leninist Communist Party)

1981.1 2 ? mch274f, day188
Parti Démocrate Français (PDF)

(French Democratic Party)

1986.1 2 ? day178
Parti Nationaliste Français (PNF)

(French Nationalist Party)

1986.1 2 ? day178
Germany
Gesamtdeutsche Volkspartei (GVP)

(All-German People's Party)

1953.1 1 1.2 mr161
Gesamtdeutscher Block Bund der Heimatvertriebenen und Entrechteten (GB BHE)

(Refugee Party)

1953.1 1 5.9 mr161
Deutsche Friedensunion (DFU)

(German Peace Union)

1961.1 1 1.9 mr161f, day224
Unabhängige Arbeiter-Partei-Deutsche Sozialisten (UAP)

(Independent Labour Party-German Socialists)

1961.1 1 ? day225
Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD)

(National Democratic Party)

1965.1 1 2.0 mr161, day226f
Deutsche Zentrumspartei

(German Centre Party)

1969.1 1 0.05 day223
Deutsche Kommunisitsche Partei (DKP)

(Communist Party)

1972.1 1 0.3 mr160f, day223f, eb78f
Europäische Föderalistische Partei/Europa Partei Sektion Deutschland (EFP)

(European Federalist/Europa Party German Section)

1972.1 1 0.1 day222
Europäische Arbeiterpartei (EAP)

(European Labour Party)

1976.1 1 0.1 day227
Freisoziale Union (FSU) - Demokratische Mitte

(Free German Union-Democratic Centre)

1976.1 1 ? day223
Deutsche Solidarität-Union für Umwelt- und Lebensschutz

(German Solidarity - Union for the Protection of the Environment and of Life)

1980.1 1 ? day224
Die Grünen

(Greens)

1980.1 1 1.5 mr161, day224f
Aktion Soziale Gemeinschaft, die Partei der Sozialversicherten Arbeitnehmer und Rentner (ASG)

(Social Community Action (Party of Socially Insured Employees and Pensioners))

1980.1 1 ? day227f
Frauenpartei

(Women's party)

1980.1 1 ? day229
Bund Westdeutscher Kommunisten (BWK)

(League of West German Communists)

1983.1 2 ? day226, eb80
Liberale Demokraten

(Liberal Democrats)

1983.1 2 ? day226
Friedliebende Union der Deutschen Friedensbewegung

(Peace-Loving Union of the German Peace Movement)

1983.1 1 ? day227
Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (OeDP)

(Ecological Democratic Party)

1987.1 1 0.3 day222
Freiheitliche Arbeiterpartei (FAP)

(Free German Workers' Party)

1987.1 1 0.001 day223
Marxistische-Leninistische Partei Deutschlands

(Marxist-Leninist Party of Germany)

1987.1 1 0.035 eb81, day226
Die Republikaner

(The Republicans)

1990.1 1 2.1 day227
Greece
Christian Democracy

(Christian Democracy)

1977.1 1 ? mch340
Ethniki Parataxis

(National Alignment)

1977.1 1 6.8 mr190f
Konna Neofileleftheron

(New Liberal Party)

1977.1 1 1.1 mr190f
Sosialistiki Poria

(Socialist Course)

1977.1 2 ? mch357
Sosialistiki Protovoulia

(Socialist Initiative)

1977.1 2 ? mch357
Komma Filelftheron

(Liberal Party II)

1981.1 2 0.4 mr190f
Kommaton Dimokratikou Scialismou KODISO

(Party for Democratic Socialism)

1981.1 2 0.7 mr190f, day233f, mch354
Independent Muslim List

(Independent Muslim List)

1985.1 1 0.3 mr190f
Ethniki Politiki Enosis EPEN

(National Political Union)

1985.1 1 0.6 mr190f
Dimokratiki Ananeosi DIANA

(Democratic Renewal)

1989.1 2 1.0 mr190f
Ikologiko Kinima Polikis Anagennisis OIKIPA

(Ecological Movement-Political Renaissance)

1989.1 1 0.1 mr190
Elleniko Sosialistiko Komma (ESK)

(Greek Socialist Party)

1989.1 2 ? day235
Ikologi Helladas

(Ecologists of Greece)

1989.2 2 0.2 mac91.158
Iklogi-Enallaktiki

(Ecologists-Alternatives)

1989.2 2 0.6 mac91.158
Ikologiko Helleniko Kinima

(Greek Ecological Movement)

1989.2 2 0.2 mac91.158
Iceland
Thjodvarnarflokkur

(National Preservation Party)

1953.1 2 6.0 mr210f, mch523
Lydveldisflokkur

(Republic Party)

1953.1 2 3.3 mr210f
Ohadi Lydraedisflokkur

(Independent Democratic Party)

1967.1 1 1.1 mr210
Samtök Frjalslynda og Vinstri Manna

(Union of Liberals and Leftists)

1967.1 2 3.7 mr210f
Frambodsflokkur

(Candidature Party)

1971.1 1 2.0 mr210
Icelandic Communist Party - Marxist-Leninist

(Icelandic Communist Party - Marxist-Leninist)

1978.1 1 ? day259
Bandalag Jafnatharmanna

(Social Democratic Federation)

1983.1 2 7.6 mr210f
Samtök um Kvennalista

(Women's Alliance)

1983.1 1 5.5 mr210
Samtök um Jafnretti og Felagshyggju

(Association for Equality and Justice)

1987.1 2 1.2 mr210f, day261
Borgaraflokkur

(Citizens' Party II)

1987.1 2 10.9 mr210f, day259
Flokkur Mannins

(Humanist Party)

1987.1 1 1.6 mr210, day259
Thjodarflokkur

(National Party)

1987.1 2 1.3 mk210f
Heimastjornarsamtök

(Devolution Party)

1991.1 1 0.6 ejpr429
Ofgasinnadir jafnadermenn

(Extremist Party)

1991.1 1 0.3 ejpr429
Graent frambod

(Green Party of Iceland)

1991.1 1 0.3 ejpr429
Verkamannaflokkur Islands

(Radical Labour Party)

1991.1 1 0.1ejpr429
Ireland
National Progressive Democrats 1961.1 2 1.0 mr228f, mch539f
People's Democracy 1969.1 1 ? eb108, day294
Aontacht Eireann 1973.1 2 ? mch535f
Workers' Party 1973.1 2 1.1 eb108f, mr228f
Democratic Labour Party 1977.1 2 ? mch536
Pairti Poblachtach Soisialach na hEireann

(Irish Republican Socialist Party (IRSP))

1977.1 2 ? eb108, day294
Multichannel TV Party 1977.1 1 ? mch538
Independent Fianna Fail 1981.1 1 ? day294
National H Block Committee 1981.1 1 2.5 mr228f
Socialist Labour Party 1981.1 2 0.4 mr228f
Communist Party of Ireland - Marxist-Leninist (CPI-ML) 1982.1 1 0.03 day294
Sinn Fein III 1982.1 2 0.1 mr228f
Democratic Socialist Party 1982.2 1 0.4 mr228f, day291
Comhaontas Glas 1982.2 1 0.2 mr228f, day292
Progressive Democrats 1987.1 2 11.8 mr228f, day293
Republican Sinn Fein 1987.1 1 ? day294
Italy
Movimento Autonomista Regionale Piedmontese (MARP)

(Piedmontese Regional Automist Movement)

1958.1 1 0.2 mr262
Partito Monarchico Popolare (PMP)

(Popular Monarchist Party)

1958.1 2 2.6 mr262f, day311, mch584
Union Valdotaine

(Val d'Aosta Union)

1958.1 1 0.1 mr262, day310
Partito Socialista Italiano di Unita Proletaria (PSIUP)

(Socialist Party of Proletarian Union)

1968.1 2 4.4 mr262f, mch579f
Manifesto Partito di Unita Proletaria per il Communismo (PdUP)

(Manifesto/Party of Proletarian Unity for Communism)

1972.1 2 0.2 mr262f
Movimento Politica deo Lavoratori (MPL)

(Workers' Political Movement)

1972.1 2 0.4 mr262
Lotta Continua

(Continous Struggle)

1976.1 1 1.5 mr262, mch580
Partito Radicale (PR)

(Radical Party)

1976.1 1 1.1 mr262, day306, mch595
Sozialdemokratische Partei Südtirols (SPS)

(Social Democratic Party of South Tirol)

1976.1 1 ? day310
Avanguardia Operaia

(Workers Vanguard)

1976.1 1 ? mr262
Moviment Friul

(Friuli Movement)

1979.1 1 0.1 mr262, day309
Lista per Trieste

(Trieste List)

1979.1 1 0.2 mr262, day309
Partito Communista (Marxista-Leninista de Itala (PC(ML)I)

(Communist Party of Italy (Marxist-Leninist)

1983.1 2 ? mch568, day304, eb111
Partito Nazionale dei Pensionati (PNP)

(National Pensioners' Party)

1983.1 1 1.4 mr262 , day311
Liga Veneta

(Venetian League)

1983.1 1 0.3 mr262
Heimatbund

(Fatherland Front)

1987.1 1 ? day309
Federazione delle Liste Verdi

(Greens)

1987.1 1 2.5 mr262
Lega Lombarda

(Lombard League)

1987.1 1 0.5 mr262, day309
Piemont

(Piedmont)

1987.1 1 0.2
Piemont-Autonomia Regionale

(Piedmont-Regional Autonomy)

1987.1 1 0.2 mr262
Luxembourg
Parti des classes moyennes

(Middle Class Party)

1954.1 1 2.3 mr300, mch621
Mouvement indépendant populaire

(Popular Independent Movement)

1964.1 1 5.8 mr300f, mch623
Parti social démocrate (PSD)

(Social Democratic Party)

1974.1 2 10.1 mr300f, mch623
Alternative Lescht Wiert lech

(Alternative List)

1979.1 1 0.9 mr300f
Enroles de force

(Enroles de force)

1979.1 1 4.6 mr300f
Socialistes indepéndants- Liste Jean Gremling

(Independent Socialists)

1979.1 2 2.0 mr300f, day341, mch621
Ligue Communiste Rvolutionnaire (LCR)

(Revolutionary Communist League)

1979.1 1 0.2 day341
Di Greng Alternativ (GAP)

(Green Alternative)

1984.1 1 4.2 mr300, day340
Aktiouns komite 5/6 Pensioun fir jiddferen

(Action Committee 5/6 Pensions for all)

1989.1 1 7.9 mr301
Greng Lescht Ekologesch Initiativ (GLEI)

(Green Left Ecological Initiative)

1989.1 2 3.7 mr301
Letzebuerg fir de Letzeburger National Bewegong

(Luxembourg for the Luxembourgers National Movement)

1989.1 1 2.3 mr301
Netherlands
Gereformeerd Politiek Verbond

(Reformed Political Union)

1952.1 2 0.7 mr325f, mch665
Boerenpartij

(Farmer's Party/ People's party of the Right)

1959.1 1 0.7 mr325f
Pacifistisch-Sozialistische Partij

(Pacifist Socialist Party)

1959.1 2 1.8 eb123, mr325f, day389, mch662
Democraten '66-D'66

(Democrats '66)

1967.1 1 4.5 mr325, day387f, mch654f
Onafhankelijke Partij (OPA)

(Independent Party)

1967.1 1 ? day388
Democratische Socialisten '70-DS'70

(Democratic Socialists '70)

1971.1 2 5.3 mr325, mch654
Middenstands Partij

(Middle Class Party)

1971.1 1 1.5 mr325, mch661
Politieke Partij Radicalen

(Radical Political Party)

1971.1 2 1.8 mr325f, day390, mch665
Rooms-Katholieke Partij Nederland

(Roman Catholic Party)

1971.1 2 0.4 mr325f, mch666
Nederlandse Volksunie (NVU)

(Dutch People's Union)

1972.1 1 ? day388
Reformatorische Politieke Federatie

(Reformed Political Federation)

1977.1 2 0.6 mr325, day390, mch665f
Centrumpartij

(Centre Party)

1981.1 1 0.1 mr325f, day386f
Evangelische Volkspartij - EVP

(Evangelical People's party )

1981.1 2 0.5 mr325f, day388
Verbond van Communisten in Nederland (VCN)

(Alliance of Communists in the Netherlands)

1986.1 2 ? day386, eb124
Centrumdemocraten

(Centre Democrats)

1989.1 2 0.9 mac91.160
De Groenen

(Greens)

1986.1 2 0.4 mac91.160, day388
New Zealand
Social Credit/Democratic Party 1954.1 1 11.0 fu865, mr342, day396
Socialist Action League SAL 1969.1 1 ? eb469, fu868f
New Democrat Party 1972.1 2 0.5 fu852
Socialist Unity Party 1972.1 2 0.03 fu850, fu869, mr342, day398
Values Party 1972.1 1 2.0 fu862f, mr342, day398
Mana Motuhake

(Dignity and Self Respect)

1981.1 1 0.3 mr342, day398
New Zealand Party 1984.1 1 12.3 fu861f, mr342
Norway
Sosialistik Folkeparti

(Socialist People's Party)

1961.1 2 2.4 eb127, mr358f, mch695
Anders Langes Parti

(Anders Lange's Party)

1973.1 1 5.0 mr358f, day411, mch693
Demokratiske Sosialister-Arbeidernes Informasjon Kommittee DS-AIK

(Democratic Socialists-Workers' Information Committee)

1973.1 2 ? mch685f
Frie Folkevalgte FF

(Freely Elected Representatives)

1973.1 1 0.5 mch686
Det Liberale Folkepartiet

(Liberal People's Party)

1973.1 2 3.4 day410
Det Nye Folketpartiet

(New People's Party)

1973.1 2 3.4 mr358, mch689
De Ensliges Party

(Single People's Party)

1973.1 1 0.3 mch694
Miljopartiet De Groenne

(Greens)

1989.1 2 0.4 mac91.161
Folkeaksjonen Framtid for Finnmark

(People's Action for the Future for Finnmark)

1989.1 1 0.3 mac91.161
Fylkeslistene for Miljoe og Solidaritet

(People's List for the Environment and Solidarity)

1989.1 1 0.8 mac91.161
Portugal
Uniao de Esquerda para a Democracia Social (UEDS)

(Left Union For Social Democracy)

1979.1 2 0.7 mch748
Reformadores

(Reformists)

1979.1 2 ? mr378f
Partido Socialista Revolucionario PSR

(Revolutionary Socialist Party)

1979.1 2 0.6 eb133, mr378, ejpr506, day457
Uniao de Esquerda para a Democracia Socialista (UEDS)

(Union of the Socialist and Democratic Left)

1979.1 2 0.7 mr378f
Associacai Social Democrata Independente ASDI

(Independent Social Democrats)

1980.1 2 ? mr378f, mch747
Partido Operario de Unidade Socialista (POUS)

(Socialist Unity Party)

1980.1 2 0.2 eb133, mr378f, day457, mch770f
Partido Renovador Democratico PRD

(Democratic Renewal Party)

1985.1 1 18.5 mr378f, day453f
Partido Communista dos Trabalhadores Portugueses

(Communist Party of Portuguese Workers)

1987.1 51 0.4 eb132, ejpr506
Partido Ecologista `Os Verdes' - PEV

(Greens)

1983.1 1 0.4 eb132, day457, mr378
Frente da Esquerda Revolucionara

(Left Revolutionary Front (FER))

1991.1 1 0.1 ejpr506
Partido de Solidariadade Nacional

(Party of National Solidarity (PSN))

1991.1 1 1.7 ejpr505
Partido Democratico Atlantico

(Party of the Atlantic (PDA))

1991.1 1 0.2 ejpr506
Spain
Coalicion Union del Pubelo Canario UPC

(Canary People's Union)

1979.1 1 0.2 mr391
Union Comunista de Espana (UCE)

(Feminist Party of Spain)

1979.1 1 ? day502
Accion Ciudadana Liberal ACL

(Liberal Citizen's Action)

1979.1 1 ? mch868
Union del Pueblo Navaroo

(Navarre People's Union)

1979.1 1 0.2 mr391, day512
Unio Valenciana

(Valencian Union)

1979.1 1 0.1 mr391, day512
Centro Democratico y Social CDS

(Democratic and Social Centre)

1982.1 2 2.9 mr391f, day498
Partido por la Recuperacion y la Unificacion Comunista (PRUC)

(Party of Communist Recovery and Unification)

1982.1 2 ? day502
Partido Democrata Popular PDP

(Popular Democratic Party)

1982.1 2 26.5 mr391f, day496f
Solidaridad Espanola (SE)

(Spanish Solidarity)

1982.1 1 0.12 day503
Mesa per la Unididad de los Communistas

(Communist Unity)

1986.1 2 1.1 mr391f
Partido Reformista Democratico PRD

(Democratic Reform Party)

1986.1 1 1.0 mr392, day497f
Coalicion Galega

(Galician Coalition)

1986.1 1 0.4 mr391, day510f
Greens

(Greens)

1986.1 1 0.4 mr392f
Agrupacion Independientes de Canarias AIC

(Independent Canary Islands Group (AIC))

1986.1 1 0.3 mr391
Partido Liberal

(Liberal Party)

1986.1 1 ? mr391, day400
Frente Nacional

(National Front)

1986.1 1 ? day502
Federacion Progresista (FP)

(Progressive Federation)

1986.1 1 ? day503
Accion Socialista (Pasoc)

(Socialist Action Party)

1986.1 2 ? day500
Juntas Espanolas

(Spanish Boards)

1986.1 1 ? day503
Galicia Unida

(United Galicia)

1986.1 1 ? day511
Partido Andaluz de Cataluna

(Andalusian Party of Catalonia)

1989.1 1 1.04 day510
Eusko Alkartasuna

(Basque Solidarity)

1989.1 2 0.7 mac91.162, day506
Alternativa Verda

(Catalan Green Alternative)

1989.1 2 0.1 mac91.162
Partido Communista de los Pueblos de Espana/Partit dels Communistes de Catalunya

(Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain)

1989.1 2 0.3 eb149, mac91.162, day510
Los Verdes Ecologistas

(Ecological Greens)

1989.1 2 0.7 mac91.162, day498
Partido Nacionalista Galego (PNG)

(Galician Nationalist Party)

1989.1 2 ? day511
Green List

(Lista Verde)

1989.1 2 0.8 mac91.162
Accion Social

(Social Action)

1989.1 1 ? day503
Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores

(Socialist Party of the Workers)

1989.1 2 0.4 eb142f mac91.162 day502
Partido Unitat del Poble Valencia

(Unity of the Valencian People)

1989.1 2 0.2 mac91.162, day512
Sweden
Socialistiska Partiet (SP)

(Socialist Party)

1956.1 2 ? day530
Kristen Demokratisk Samling

(Christian Democratic Union)

1964.1 1 1.8 mr402, day528
Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti (SKP)

(Communist Party of Sweden)

1968.1 2 ? day528
Kommunistiska Partiet Marxist-Leninisterna Revolutionärerna (KPMLR)

(Communist Party of Marxits-Leninist Revolutionaries)

1970.1 2 0.4 eb150f, day528, mch896
Sveriges Arbetarepartiet Kommunisterna (SAK)

(Communist Workers' Party of Sweden)

1979.1 2 0.20 day529
Miljöpartiet

(Ecology Party)

1982.1 1 1.7 mr402, day529
Ny Demokrati (NYD)

(New Democracy)

1991.1 1 6.7 ejpr519
Switzerland
Nationale Aktion gegen die Überfremdung von Volk und Heimat

(National Action against Foreign Domination)

1967.1 1 0.6 mr424, day535, mch927f
Vigilance

(Vigilance)

1967.1 1 0.2 mr424, day539
Partito Socialista Autonomo

(Autonomous Socialist Party)

1971.1 2 0.3 eb154, mr424, day532f, mch912
Progressive Organisationen

(Progressive Organisations of Switzerland)

1971.1 2 1.0 eb155f, mr424, day535f, mch931f
Schweizerische Republikanische Bewegung

(Republican Movement)

1971.1 2 4.0 mr424, mch939f
Parti Ouvrier Socialiste / Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei (SAP)

(Socialist Workers' Party)

1971.1 2 ? eb156, day536, mch935
Eidgenössisch-Demokratische Union (EDU)

(Federal Democratic Union)

1975.1 1 0.28 ejpr528, day533f
Unité Jurassienne

(Jura Unity)

1975.1 1 0.32 day535
Grüne Partei der Schweiz

(Greens)

1979.1 1 0.6 mr424, day534
Grüne Alternative Schweiz

(Alternative Greens)

1983.1 1 4.0 mr424, day534
Freie Liste

(Free List)

1983.1 1 0.7 mr424
Ökologische Freiheitliche Partei der Schweiz/Parti écologique libéral Suisse (PELS)

(Swiss Ecological Liberal Party)

1987.1 1 ? day537
Schweizer Autopartei

(Swiss Motorists' Party)

1987.1 1 2.6 mr424, day535f
Lega dei Ticinesi

(League of the Tessins)

1991.1 1 1.4 ejpr528
United Kingdom
Socialist Workers Party (SWP) 1950.1 1 ? mch978, day577, eb94
Fellowship Party 1955.1 1 ? day571
Revolutionary Workers' Party (RWP) 1964.1 1 ? eb92, day578
Communist Party of Britain - Marxist-Leninist 1970.1 2 ? day578
Protestant Unionist Party 1970.1 2 ? mch973
Communist Party of England, Marxist-Leninist 1974.1 1 ? day578
Mebyon Kernow

(Cornish National Movement)

1974.1 1 ? day572
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) 1974.1 51 ? mch973, day580
Ecology/Green Party 1974.1 1 0.014 mr442f, day571
National Party 1974.1 2 ? mch972
Social Democratic and Labour Party 1974.1 1 0.5 mch975, mr442, day581
Workers' Revolutionnary Party (WRP) 1974.1 2 ? eb95f, mch987, day577f
Irish Independence Party (IIP) 1979.1 1 ? mch961, day580
New Communist Party (NCP) 1979.1 2 ? eb90f, day578
Official Unionist Party OUP 1979.1 2 ? mch972f
Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP) 1979.1 1 ? day578, eb91f
Scottish Labour Party SLP 1979.1 2 ? mch974
Socialist League 1979.1 2 ? day577f, eb93
Spartacist League (SL) 1979.1 1 ? eb95, day578
Unionist Party of Northern Ireland UPNI 1979.1 2 ? mch982
United Ulster Unionist Party UUUP 1979.1 2 ? mch983
Vanguard Unionist Party VUP 1979.1 2 ? mch983f
Workers' Party (WP) 1979.1 2 ? day578
Scottish Socialist Party (SSP) 1983.1 2 ? day578
Social Democratic Party 1983.1 2 11.6 mr442f, day576, mch977f
Ulster Popular Unionist Party (UPUP) 1983.1 1 ? day578
Moderate Labour Party (MLP) 1987.1 1 ? day578
New Patriotic Movement (NPM) 1987.1 1 ? day578
Orkney and Shetland Movement (OSM) 1987.1 1 0.009 day578
Socialist Federation (SF) 1987.1 2 ? day578
USA
Christian Nationalist Party 1952.1 1 0.027 sch90f
Socialist Party U.S.A. 1952.1 1 0.03 candus
Constitution Party 1956.1 1 0.18 sch121f, rbl
American Third Party 1956.1 1 0.03 candus
National States' Rights Party (NSRP) 1960.1 1 0.3 sch320, candus, rbl, day596
Independent Afro-American Unity 1960.1 1 0.002 candus
Constitutional Party 1960.1 1 0.026 candus
Conservative Party 1964.1 1 0.019 sch120f, candus
Universal Party 1964.1 1 0.00003 sch458, candus
Freedom Socialist 1964.1 1 0.046 candus
American Independent Party/American Party 1968.1 2 13.52 sch32f, mr461f, day594, candus, rbl, day594f
Peace and Freedom Party 1968.1 1 0.012 sch344, rbl, candus
Peoples Constitutional 1968.1 1 0.0002 candus
Berkeley Defense Group 1968.1 1 0.000002 candus
The Constitution Parties 1968.1 1 0.000005 candus
Libertarian Party 1972.1 1 0.0047 sch230, mr461f, day596, rbl, candus
People's Party (PP) 1972.1 1 0.10 sch348, candus, rbl
American Constitution 1976.1 1 0.191 candus
United States Labor Party 1976.1 1 0.049 candus, rbl
Righteous Government Platform 1976.1 1 0.207 candus
Bicentennial Reality 1976.1 1 0.060 candus
Workers' World Party (WWP) 1980.1 1 0.0153 eb370, day599, candus
Citizen's Party 1980.1 1 0.274 sch96, candus, rbl
Statesman Party 1980.1 1 0.008 candus
Down with Lawyers 1980.1 1 0.002 candus
Middle Class Candidate 1980.1 1 0.0043 candus
Right to Life 1980.1 1 0.0374 candus, rbl
Natural People's League 1980.1 1 0.0003 candus
National Unity Party (NUP) 1984.1 1 0.0016 day596, candus
Big Deal

(Big Deal)

1984.1 1 0.0006 candus
Colorado Prohibition 1984.1 1 0.0006 candus
Populist 1984.1 1 0.070 candus
New Alliance Party 1984.1 1 0.036 candus
Grass Roots 1988.1 1 0.0021 candus
National Economic Recovery 1988.1 1 0.024 candus
Legend Name of Party : original name and english translation.
first election year of first election participation (.1 and .2 indicate
whether it was the first or the second election of the same year.
type of party : 1 genuinely new party, 2 split from existing party.
votes % : vote share in percentage in first election
Documents : sources used rbl: Rosenstone, Behr, and Lazarus (1984)
sch: Schapsmeier and Schapsmeier (1981)
day: Day and Degenhardt (1988)
mac91: Mackie (1991)
mac92: Mackie (1992)
mr: Mackie and Rose (1991)
mch: McHale and Skowronski (1983)
al: Alexander (1982)
candus: ICPSR data-set Candidate Name and Constituency Totals, 1788-1988
eb: East and Bell (1990)
fu: Fukui (1985)
ejpr: Political Data Yearbook (Mair and Koole, 1992)
co: Coggins, Lewis and Milia (1992)

2.  References

Alexander, Robert J. (ed.) 1982. Political parties of the Americas: Canada, Latin America, and the West Indies . Westport: Greenwood Press.

Day, Alan J.; Degenhardt, Henry W. (Eds.) 1988. Political Parties of the World . Harlow: Longman.

Coggins, John; Lewis, D.S.; Milia, Giovanna 1992. Political parties of the Americas and the Caribbean: A Reference Guide . Harlow: Longman.

East, Roger; Bell, David (Eds.) 1990. Communist and Marxist Parties of the World . Chicago: St. James Press.

Fukui, Haruhiro (ed.) 1985. Political Parties of Asia and the Pacific . Westport: Greenwood Press.

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research 1990. Candidate Name and Constituency Totals, 1788-1988 [Computer file] . 4th ICPSR ed. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political Research [producer and distributor].

Mackie, Thomas T. 1991. General Elections in Western Nations During 1989. European Journal of Political Research . 19(1) 157-162.

Mackie, Thomas T. 1992. General Elections in Western Nations During 1990. European Journal of Political Research . 21 317-332.

Mackie, Thomas T.; Rose, Richard 1991. The International Almanac of Electoral History . Washington: Congressional Quarterly Inc.

Mair, Peter; Koole, Ruud 1992. Political Data Yearbook. European Journal of Political Research . 23 1.

McHale, Vincent; Skowronski, Sharon (Eds.) 1983. Political Parties of Europe . Westport: Greenwood Press.

Rosenstone, Steven J.; Behr, Roy L.; Lazarus, Edward H. 1984. Third Parties in America . Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Schapsmeier, Edward L.; Schapsmeier, Frederick H. 1981. Political Parties and Civic Action Groups . Westport: Greenwood.


File translated from TEX by TTH, version 0.9., June 15, 1999