PHARMACOLOGY

Jashvant UNADKAT

SITE

Jashvant (Jash) Unadkat is Professor of Pharmaceutics in the School of Pharmacy at the University of Washington, Seattle. He received his Bachelor degree in Pharmacy from the University of London (1977), his Ph.D. from the University of Manchester (1982, advisor Prof. Malcolm Rowland) and his postdoctoral training at the University of California at San Francisco (1982-85, advisor Dr. Lewis Sheiner). Dr. Unadkat research interests are focused on elucidating the mechanisms of transport and metabolism of HIV and related drugs. In particular, his laboratory has been interested in metabolism and transport of drugs during pregnancy, and transport of drugs across the placental, hepatic, intestinal and blood-brain barriers. Dr. Unadkat has published more than 170 peer-reviewed research papers. He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS), the Japanese Society for the Study of Xenobiotics, and the founding co-chair (1999-2001) of the AAPS group on Drug Transport and Uptake. Dr. Unadkat received the AAPS Research Achievement Award in 2012. He created and leads the University of Washington Research Affiliates Program on Transporters (UWRAPT), a cooperative effort between the University of Washington School of Pharmacy and pharmaceutical companies. He also leads UWPKDAP, an NIH funded project on drug disposition during pregnancy. Dr. Unadkat has been associate editor of J Pharm Sci, editor of AAPS Journal, and a member of the NIH Pharmacology study section (2000-2003). Dr. Unadkat is currently in the editorial board of J Pharm Sci and AAPS journal. He has organized or co-organized numerous national and international conferences on the role of transporters and pregnancy in drug disposition.

Pharm Res. 2022 ;In press. Applications, challenges, and outlook for PBPK modeling and simulation: A regulatory, industrial and academic perspective.  Lin W, Chen Y, Unadkat JD, Zhang X, Wu D, Heimbach T. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2022 ;In press. Is the protein-mediated uptake of drugs by OATPs a real phenomenon or an artifact? Yin M, Storelli F, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2022;In press. Prediction of hepatobiliary clearances and hepatic concentrations of transported drugs in humans using Rosuvastatin as a model drug. Storelli F, Li CY, Sachar M, Kumar V, Heyward S, Sáfár Z, Kis E, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2022;50:613-623. Estimation of fetal-to-maternal unbound steady-state plasma concentration ratio of P-Glycoprotein and/or Breast Cancer Resistance Protein substrate drugs using a maternal-fetal Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic model. Peng J, Ladumor MK, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Transl Sci. 2022;15:322-329. Adapting regulatory drug-drug interaction guidance to design clinical pharmacokinetic natural product-drug interaction studies: A NaPDI Center recommended approach. Cox EJ, Rettie AE, Unadkat JD, Thummel KE, McCune JS, Paine MF. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2021;49:919-928. Successful prediction of human fetal exposure to P-Glycoprotein substrate drugs using the proteomics-informed relative expression factor approach and PBPK modeling and simulation. Anoshchenko O, Storelli F, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2021;49:910-918. Tetrahydrocannabinol and its major metabolites are not (or are ooor) substrates or inhibitors of human P-Glycoprotein [ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) B1] and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2). Chen X, Unadkat JD, Mao Q. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2021;49:929-937. Prediction of pregnancy-induced changes in secretory and total renal clearance of drugs transported by Organic Anion Transporters. Peng J, Ladumor MK, Unadkat JD. PubMed

CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol. 2021;10:1057-1070. Estimating fetal exposure to the P-gp substrates, corticosteroids, by PBPK modeling to inform prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Anoshchenko O, Milad MA, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Mol Pharm. 2021;18:2263-2273. Abundance of P-glycoprotein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein measured by targeted proteomics in human epileptogenic brain issue. Brukner AM, Billington S, Benifla M, Nguyen TB, Han H, Bennett O, Gilboa T, Blatch D, Fellig Y, Volkov O, Unadkat JD, Ekstein D, Eyal S. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2021;49:509-520. Development and verification of a linked ᵪB;9-THC/11-OH-THC physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model in healthy, non-pregnant population and extrapolation to pregnant women.  Patilea-Vrana GI, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2020;49:470-478. In vivo-to-in vitro extrapolation of transporter-mediated renal clearance: Relative expression factor versus relative activity factor approach. Kumar AR, Prasad B, Bhatt DK, Mathialagan S, Varma MVS, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Pharmacol Rev. 2021;73:847-859. Modeling pharmacokinetic natural product-drug interactions for decision-making: A NaPDI center recommended approach. Cox EJ, Tian DD, Clarke JD, Rettie AE, Unadkat JD, Thummel KE, McCune JS, Paine MF. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2021;110:432-442. Successful prediction of human steady-state unbound brain-to-plasma concentration ratio of P-gp substrates using the proteomics-informed relative expression factor approach. Storelli F, Anoshchenko O, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2021;109:1342-1352. Assessing transporter-mediated Natural Product-Drug Interactions via in vitro-in vivo extrapolation: Clinical evaluation with a probe cocktail. Nguyen JT, Tian DD, Tanna RS, Hadi DL, Bansal S, Calamia JC, Arian CM, Shireman LM, Molnár B, Horváth M, Kellogg JJ, Layton ME, White JR, Cech NB, Boyce RD, Unadkat JD, Thummel KE, Paine MF. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2021;49:159-168. Prediction of transporter-mediated Rosuvastatin hepatic uptake clearance and drug interaction in humans using proteomics-informed REF approach. Kumar V, Yin M, Ishida K, Salphati L, Hop CECA, Rowbottom C, Xiao G, Lai Y, Mathias A, Chu X, Humphreys WG, Liao M, Nerada Z, Szilvásy N, Heyward S, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020;In press. Abundance of P-Glycoprotein and other drug transporters at the human Blood-Brain Barrier in Alzheimer's disease: A quantitative targeted proteomic study. Storelli F, Billington S, Kumar AR, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2020;48:1210-1216. Successful prediction of Positron Emission Tomography-imaged Metformin hepatic uptake clearance in humans ssing the quantitative Proteomics-Informed relative expression factor approach. Sachar M, Kumar V, Gormsen LC, Munk OL, Unadkat JD. PubMed

AAPS J. 2020;22:110. Pitfalls in predicting hepatobiliary drug transport using human Sandwich-Cultured Hepatocytes. Kumar V, Li CY, Ishida K, Kis E, Gáborik Z, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2020;48:735-741. Gestational age-dependent abundance of human placental transporters as determined by quantitative targeted proteomics. Anoshchenko O, Prasad B, Neradugomma NK, Wang J, Mao Q, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2020;In press. Predicting the potential for cannabinoids to precipitate pharmacokinetic drug interactions via reversible inhibition or inactivation of major cytochromes P450. Bansal S, Maharao N, Paine MF, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020;107:96-101. Expanding precompetitive multisector collaborations to advance drug development and pharmacogenomics. Yee SW, Do TP, Huang SM, Krauss RM, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Unadkat JD, Giacomini KM. PubMed

AAPS J. 2019;21:88. Optimized renal transporter quantification by using Aquaporin 1 and Aquaporin 2 as anatomical markers: Application in characterizing the ontogeny of renal transporters and its correlation with hepatic transporters in paired human samples. Li CY, Hosey-Cojocari C, Basit A, Unadkat JD, Leeder JS, Prasad B. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2019;47:1122-1135. Drug concentration asymmetry in tissues and plasma for small molecule-related therapeutic modalities. Zhang D, Hop CE, Patilea-Vrana G, Gampa G, Seneviratne HK, Unadkat JD, Kenny JR, Nagapudi K, Di L, Zhou L, Zak M, Wright MR, Bumpus NN, Zang R, Liu X, Lai Y, Khojasteh SC. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019;106:525-543. Toward a consensus on applying Quantitative Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Proteomics in translational pharmacology research: A white paper. Prasad B, Achour B, Artursson P, Hop CECA, Lai Y, Smith PC, Barber J, Wisniewski JR, Spellman D, Uchida Y, Zientek MA, Unadkat JD, Rostami-Hodjegan A. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019;106:1056-1066. Positron Emission Tomography imaging of [11 C]Rosuvastatin hepatic concentrations and hepatobiliary transport in humans in the absence and presence of cyclosporin A. Billington S, Shoner S, Lee S, Clark-Snustad K, Pennington M, Lewis D, Muzi M, Rene S, Lee J, Nguyen TB, Kumar V, Ishida K, Chen L, Chu X, Lai Y, Salphati L, Hop CECA, Xiao G, Liao M, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2019;47:743-752. Quantifying hepatic enzyme kinetics of (-)-∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its psychoactive metabolite, 11-OH-THC, through in vitro modeling. Patilea-Vrana GI, Unadkat JD. PubMed

AAPS J. 2019;21:45. Mechanisms of CYP3A induction during pregnancy: studies in HepaRG cells. Sachar M, Kelly EJ, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019;106:228-237. Inter-individual and regional variability in drug transporter abundance at the human Blood-Brain Barrier measured by quantitative targeted proteomics. Billington S, Salphati L, Hop CECA, Chu X, Evers R, Burdette D, Rowbottom C, Lai Y, Xiao G, Humphreys WG, Nguyen TB, Prasad B, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2019;47:350-357. A comparison of total and plasma membrane abundance of transporters in suspended, plated, Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes vs. human liver tissue using quantitative targeted proteomics and cell-surface biotinylation. Kumar V, Salphati L, Hop CECA, Xiao G, Lai Y, Mathias A, Chu X, Humphreys WG, Liao M, Heyward S, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2019;47:249-256. Hepatic enzymes relevant to the disposition of (-)-∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its psychoactive metabolite, 11-OH-THC. Patilea-Vrana GI, Anoshchenko O, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Pharmacol Ther. 2019:196:204-2156. Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 - More than a glass-full of drug interactions. McFeely SJ, Wu L, Ritchie TK, Unadkat J. PubMed

Anal Chem. 2018;90:11873-11882. Targeted LC-MS/MS proteomics-based strategy to characterize in vitro models used in drug metabolism and transport studies. Xu M, Saxena N, Vrana M, Zhang H, Kumar V, Billington S, Khojasteh C, Heyward S, Unadkat JD, Prasad B. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2018;46:1487-1496. When does the rate-determining step in the hepatic clearance of a drug switch from sinusoidal uptake to all hepatobiliary clearances? Implications for predicting drug-drug interactions. Patilea-Vrana GI, Unadkat J. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2018;46:1441-1445. The importance of incorporating OCT2 plasma membrane expression and membrane potential in IVIVE of Metformin renal secretory clearance. Kumar V, Yin J, Billington S, Prasad B, Brown CDA, Wang J, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2018;104:890-899. Transporters in Drug Development: 2018 ITC recommendations for transporters of emerging clinical importance. Zamek-Gliszczynski MJ, Taub ME, Chothe PP, Chu X, Giacomini KM, Kim RB, Ray AS, Stocker SL, Unadkat JD, Wittwer MB, Xia C, Yee SW, Zhang L, Zhang Y; International Transporter Consortium. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2018;104:865-889. Advancing predictions of tissue and intracellular drug concentrations using in vitro, imaging and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling approaches. Guo Y, Chu X, Parrott NJ, Brouwer KLR, Hsu V, Nagar S, Matsson P, Sharma P, Snoeys J, Sugiyama Y, Tatosian D, Unadkat JD, Huang SM, Galetin A; International Transporter Consortium. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2018;46:1251-1258. Transport kinetics, selective inhibition, and successful prediction of in vivo Inhibition of rat hepatic Oatps. Ishida K, Ullah M, Toth B, Juhasz V, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Mol Pharmacol. 2018;94:689-699. Molecular mechanisms for species differences in Organic Anion Transporter 1, OAT1: implications for renal drug toxicity. Zou L, Stecula A, Gupta A, Prasad B, Chien HC, Yee SW, Wang L, Unadkat JD, Stahl SH, Fenner KS, Giacomini KM. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2018;46:943-952. Abundance of phase 1 and 2 drug-metabolizing enzymes in alcoholic and hepatitis C cirrhotic livers: a quantitative targeted proteomics study. Prasad B, Bhatt DK, Johnson K, Chapa R, Chu X, Salphati L, Xiao G, Lee C, Hop CECA, Mathias A, Lai Y, Liao M, Humphreys WG, Kumer SC, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2018;46:189-196. Transporter expression in noncancerous and cancerous liver tissue from donors with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis C infection quantified by LC-MS/MS proteomics. Billington S, Ray AS, Salphati L, Xiao G, Chu X, Humphreys WG, Liao M, Lee CA, Mathias A, Hop CECA, Rowbottom C, Evers R, Lai Y, Kelly EJ, Prasad B, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2018;46:66-74. Successful prediction of in vivo hepatobiliary clearances and hepatic concentrations of Rosuvastatin using sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes, transporter-expressing cell lines, and quantitative proteomics. Ishida K, Ullah M, Tóth B, Juhasz V, Unadkat JD. PubMed

AAPS J. 2017;19:1377-1386. Optimization and application of a biotinylation method for quantification of plasma membrane expression of transporters in cells. Kumar V, Nguyen TB, Tóth B, Juhasz V, Unadkat JD. PubMed 

Drug Metab Dispos. 2016;44:1920-1924. Abundance of drug transporters in the human kidney cortex as quantified by quantitative targeted proteomics. Prasad B, Johnson K, Billington S, Lee C, Chung GW, Brown CD, Kelly EJ, Himmelfarb J, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2016;44:1752-1758. Transporter expression in liver tissue from subjects with alcoholic or hepatitis C cirrhosis quantified by targeted quantitative proteomics. Wang L, Collins C, Kelly EJ, Chu X, Ray AS, Salphati L, Xiao G, Lee C, Lai Y, Liao M, Mathias A, Evers R, Humphreys W, Hop CE, Kumer SC, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2016;100:413-418. Transport vs. metabolism: what determines the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs? Insights from the extended clearance model. Patilea-Vrana G, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2016;100:362-70. Ontogeny of hepatic drug transporters as quantified by LC-MS/MS proteomics. Prasad B, Gaedigk A, Vrana M, Gaedigk R, Leeder JS, Salphati L, Chu X, Xiao G, Hop C, Evers R, Gan L, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2016;44:750-7. CYP2D6 is inducible by endogenous and exogenous corticosteroids. Farooq M, Kelly EJ, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:1795-804. BRAIN IMAGING. Modulation of P-glycoprotein at the human blood-brain barrier by quinidine or rifampin treatment: A Positron Emission Tomography imaging study. Liu L, Collier AC, Link JM, Domino KB, Mankoff DA, Eary JF, Spiekerman CF, Hsiao P, Deo AK, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Pharmacogenomics J. 2016;16:375-87. Interindividual variability of CYP2C19-catalyzed drug metabolism due to differences in gene diplotypes and cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase content. Shirasaka Y, Chaudhry AS, McDonald M, Prasad B, Wong T, Calamia JC, Fohner A, Thornton TA, Isoherranen N, Unadkat JD, Rettie AE, Schuetz EG, Thummel KE. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:1008-18.  BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER Solute carrier family of the organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1A2- Madin-Darby Canine Kidney II: A promising in vitro system to understand the role of organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1A2 in blood-brain barrier drug penetration. Liu H, Yu N, Lu S, Ito S, Zhang X, Prasad B, He E, Lu X, Li Y, Wang F, Xu H, An G, Unadkat JD, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Sahi J. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:836-42. METABOLISM Prediction of gestational age-dependent induction of in vivo hepatic CYP3A activity based on HepaRG cells and human hepatocytes. Zhang Z, Farooq M, Prasad B, Grepper S, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015;97:320-3. BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER The concept of fraction of drug transported with special emphasis on BBB efflux of CNS and antiretroviral drugs. Prasad B, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:367-74. Interspecies variability in expression of hepatobiliary transporters across human, dog, monkey, and rat as determined by quantitative proteomics. Wang L, Prasad B, Salphati L, Chu X, Gupta A, Hop CE, Evers R, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43:284-8. Quantitative transporter proteomics by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry: addressing methodologic issues of plasma membrane isolation and expression-activity relationship. Kumar V, Prasad B, Patilea G, Gupta A, Salphati L, Evers R, Hop CE, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;92:690-700. METABOLISM Identification of CYP3A7 for glyburide metabolism in human fetal livers. Shuster DL, Risler LJ, Prasad B, Calamia JC, Voellinger JL, Kelly EJ, Unadkat JD, Hebert MF, Shen DD, Thummel KE, Mao Q. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2014;42:2007-15. IMAGING Role of (drug) transporters in imaging in health and disease. Stieger B, Unadkat JD, Prasad B, Langer O, Gali H. PubMed

AAPS J. 2015;17:65-82. Role of the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) in drug transport--an update. Mao Q, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Mol Pharm. 2014;11:3547-55. Protein abundance of clinically relevant multidrug transporters along the entire length of the human intestine. Drozdzik M, Gröer C, Penski J, Lapczuk J, Ostrowski M, Lai Y, Prasad B, Unadkat JD, Siegmund W, Oswald S. PubMed

Mol Pharm. 2014;11:2745-54. PET imaging of Oatp-mediated hepatobiliary transport of [(11)C] rosuvastatin in the rat. He J, Yu Y, Prasad B, Link J, Miyaoka RS, Chen X, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2014;42:1301-13. Evaluation of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 and 1B3 humanized mice as a translational model to study the pharmacokinetics of statins. Salphati L, Chu X, Chen L, Prasad B, Dallas S, Evers R, Mamaril-Fishman D, Geier EG, Kehler J, Kunta J, Mezler M, Laplanche L, Pang J, Rode A, Soars MG, Unadkat JD, van Waterschoot RA, Yabut J, Schinkel AH, Scheer N. PubMed

AAPS J. 2014;16:634-48. Optimized approaches for quantification of drug transporters in tissues and cells by MRM proteomics. Prasad B, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Int J Proteomics. 2014;2014:451510. Comparison of Heavy Labeled (SIL) Peptide versus SILAC Protein Internal Standards for LC-MS/MS Quantification of Hepatic Drug Transporters. Prasad B, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Mol Pharm. 2014;11:436-44. Predicting the outer boundaries of P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-based drug interactions at the human blood-brain barrier based on rat studies. Hsiao P, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2014;42:78-88. Interindividual variability in hepatic organic anion-transporting polypeptides and P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) protein expression: quantification by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy and influence of genotype, age, and sex. Prasad B, Evers R, Gupta A, Hop CE, Salphati L, Shukla S, Ambudkar SV, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2013;41:2225-32. Effect of gestational age on mRNA and protein expression of polyspecific organic cation transporters during pregnancy. Lee N, Hebert MF, Prasad B, Easterling TR, Kelly EJ, Unadkat JD, Wang J. PubMed

J Nucl Med. 2013;54:437-46. PET IMAGING. Modeling cyclosporine A inhibition of the distribution of a P-glycoprotein PET ligand, 11C-verapamil, into the maternal brain and fetal liver of the pregnant nonhuman primate: impact of tissue blood flow and site of inhibition. Ke AB, Eyal S, Chung FS, Link JM, Mankoff DA, Muzi M, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2013;34:155-64. Interaction between HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) and hepatic transporters in sandwich cultured human hepatocytes: implication for PI-based DDIs. Liu L, Unadkat JD. PubMed

J Pharm Sci. 2013;102:787-93.  Interindividual variability in the hepatic expression of the human breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2): effect of age, sex, and genotype. Prasad B, Lai Y, Lin Y, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2012;33:207-17. Quantification of human hepatocyte cytochrome P450 enzymes and transporters induced by HIV protease inhibitors using newly validated LC-MS/MS cocktail assays and RT-PCR. Liu L, Mugundu GM, Kirby BJ, Samineni D, Desai PB, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2012;40:852-5. Interindividual variability in hepatic expression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2): quantification by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Deo AK, Prasad B, Balogh L, Lai Y, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Mol Pharm. 2012;9:629-33. P-glycoprotein-based loperamide-cyclosporine drug interaction at the rat blood-brain barrier: prediction from in vitro studies and extrapolation to humans. Hsiao P, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2012;40:610-6. Complex drug interactions of the HIV protease inhibitors 3: effect of simultaneous or staggered dosing of digoxin and ritonavir, nelfinavir, rifampin, or bupropion. Kirby BJ, Collier AC, Kharasch ED, Whittington D, Thummel KE, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Drug Metab Dispos. 2011;39:2329-37. Complex drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors 2: in vivo induction and in vitro to in vivo correlation of induction of cytochrome P450 1A2, 2B6, and 2C9 by ritonavir or nelfinavir. Kirby BJ, Collier AC, Kharasch ED, Dixit V, Desai P, Whittington D, Thummel KE, Unadkat JD. PubMed

J Pharm Sci. 2011;100:3055-61. Substrate- and species-dependent inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport: implications for predicting in vivo drug interactions. Zolnerciks JK, Booth-Genthe CL, Gupta A, Harris J, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010;87:579-85. PET IMAGING. Regional P-glycoprotein activity and inhibition at the human blood-brain barrier as imaged by positron emission tomography. Eyal S, Ke B, Muzi M, Link JM, Mankoff DA, Collier AC, Unadkat JD. PubMed

Br J Pharmacol. 2010;159:394-404. PET IMAGING. Positron emission tomography imaging of tissue P-glycoprotein activity during pregnancy in the non-human primate. Chung FS, Eyal S, Muzi M, Link JM, Mankoff DA, Kaddoumi A, O'Sullivan F, Hsiao P, Unadkat JD. PubMed

J Nucl Med. 2009;50:1267-75. BRAIN IMAGING. Imaging of cyclosporine inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity using 11C-verapamil in the brain: studies of healthy humans. Muzi M, Mankoff DA, Link JM, Shoner S, Collier AC, Sasongko L, Unadkat JD. PubMed

J Nucl Med. 2009;50:798-806. IMAGING. Simultaneous PET imaging of P-glycoprotein inhibition in multiple tissues in the pregnant nonhuman primate. Eyal S, Chung FS, Muzi M, Link JM, Mankoff DA, Kaddoumi A, O'Sullivan F, Hebert MF, Unadkat JD. PubMed