Learning goals
Study the art market, its dynamics and the legal rules relating to transactions involving art objects; demonstrate some of the realities of working in the art industry.

Learning outcomes
Learn about the development of the art market and today’s market practices; be acquainted with the legal issues that arise when acquiring and/or selling art – but also when lending, borrowing, donating, disposing of and giving away art objects; gain insight into the legal framework regulating national and international art markets; gain the knowledge to apply legal rules and best practices to the issues that frequently arise in the art market; acquire the capacity to identify the specific legal risks and safeguards that underpin all art transactions; gain a deep understanding of contract and taxation regimes, property rules, questions about attribution, provenance and forgeries, and the liabilities of experts, auction houses and galleries.

Learning goals
Examine and discuss the components and dynamics of the illicit trade in cultural objects; study the legal framework that has been established to prevent and fight the illicit trade in cultural objects.

Learning outcomes
Gain a high-level understanding of the components and dynamics of the illicit trade in cultural objects, including the crimes that art professionals might commit or fall victim to when dealing in art or antiquities; develop a critical understanding of the international legal instruments adopted to protect cultural objects as well as to prevent and fight the illicit trade (including the UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property of 1970, the UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, the Council of Europe Convention on Offences relating to Cultural Property of 2017, as well as the legal instruments adopted by the United Nations and the European Union); evidence an advanced understanding of the impact of international conventions on the trade in cultural objects and of the interaction between national and international institutions and regulations;  learn about the application of instruments onorganised crime and money laundering to the trade in cultural objects; be acquainted with the legislation of the most relevant jurisdictions (including France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the United States).

Learning goals
Study the legal framework established to protect cultural objects in the event of armed conflicts and to punish the offences relating to cultural objects committed in wartimes.

Learning outcomes
Gain a high-level understanding of the specialised legal framework for the protection of cultural objects in the event of armed conflicts (notably the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict of 1954 and its two protocols), as well as of the relevant rules of international humanitarian law and international human rights law; analyze real-life scenarios to draw legally-sound conclusions on the applicability of existing legal instruments; engage on key contemporary legal issues, including issues of State responsibility, individual criminal responsibility (in light of the case law of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Court), the role of international organizations (including the United Nations Security Council and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization), the doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect, reparation and transitional justice.

Learning goals
Examine and discuss the legal, ethical and policy questions raised by cultural objects and human remains removed in the past inconnection with large-scale mass atrocities.

Learning outcomes
Gain a comprehensive understanding of the political, legal and ethical questions raised by Holocaust-tainted art, colonial cultural objects and human remains; demonstrate a highly developed ability to reflect on the state of the law in relation to claims for the return of objects or human remains removed in the past in connection with atrocious crimes; develop an understanding of the work of non-judicial bodies established to deal with claims for the return of cultural objects and human remains.

Learning goals
Explore the relationship between cultural heritage and human rights and examine the meaning and content of the human rights rules applicable to cultural heritage.

Learning outcomes
Gain a deep understanding of the relationship between cultural heritage and human rights and of the relevant legal instruments and soft-law rules that have been adopted in this sector (such as the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of 2003, the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions of 2005, the UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity of 2001, and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of 2007); learn about the notion of cultural human rights and its evolution and elaboration; be acquainted about the conflicts between human rights and cultural heritage, especially those involving gender-based violence, and the notion of cultural relativism.

Learning goals
Explore the relationship between cultural heritage, on the one hand, and intellectual property law and innovative technologies, on the other.

Learning  outcomes
Learn what museums, galleries, art market professionals and artists have to know about intellectual property rights; gain an advanced understanding of what is copyright and how it affects the management of works of art; learn or improve the knowledge in the legal and policy instruments adopted by UNESCO, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and other international bodies in order to protect the Traditional Knowledge (TK) and Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCE) belonging to a given, group, people or nation; be acquainted with the role played by new technologies and with the issue of cultural appropriation by the fashion industry; develop an understanding of the different tools that intellectual property can offer to protect TK and TCE.

Learning goals
Examine and discuss existing methods of dispute settlement and learn from the relevant practice.

Learning outcomes
Gain strategic insight on how to deal with and resolve art and cultural objects-related cases; develop a critical understanding of the national laws that may have an impact on the resolution of disputes, including private international law rules and anti-seizure laws; learn essential skills from renowned practitioners on how to be successful in complex art and cultural objects-related cases; experience the multi-faceted nature of cultural objects-related cases through a thorough examination of the practice of national courts and international tribunals, including arbitral tribunals (such as the arbitral tribunals created under the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)); develop a broad range of legal and research skills (case analysis, problem solving, advocacy).