Caroline Earle was born on 28 September 1833 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and died on 7 September 1916 in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Her parents were Quakers and social reformists; they were Abolitionists and her lawyer father was candidate for Vice-President in 1840 on the Liberty party ticket. Acting on the advice of Henry Bergh, with S. Morris Waln and M. Richards Muckle, she co-founded the  Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PSPCA) in 1868 and founded its women's branch (WPSPCA), opening the first animal shelter in the US in 1869. With Mary Frances Lovell, she founded the American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) in 1883 and, also with Lovell, she was editor of the Journal of Zoöphily. The Journal of Zoöphily is quite specifically focused on vivisection and animal cruelty with limited reference to flesh food. However, in the March 1916 issue of the journal Lovell published a short article entitled “The Point of View,” in which she answers the accusation that the Society does not engage the cruelities of the slaughterhouse: “The present writer, who has eaten no meat for over twenty-two years, has strongly denounced in the JOURNAL, repeatedly, also elsewhere, the barbarities of animal killing in slaughter-houses. … Beside the writer, there are several other members of the Women's Pennsylvania S.P.C.A. who do not eat meat, notably the President, Mrs. White” (35). There are critiques of feathers and furs, and all forms of animal exploitation in fashion as well as hunting and blood sports, in addition to condemnation of the conditions of transportation of cattle, anti-vaccination arguments, and constant arguments against justifications for medical experimentation. White published in the Journal of Zoöphily many of her short letters and reports as the Corresponding Secretary of the AAVS.

An Answer to Dr. Keen’s Address Entitled: Our Recent Debts to Vivisection. Philadelphia, PA: American Society for the Restriction of Vivisection, 1886.

“The Fallacious Claims of Benefits Arising from Vivisection.” The Journal of Zoöphily  Vol. VIII no. 1 (January 1899): 8-11.

“History of the Antivivisection Movement.” Journal of Zoöphily  Vol. XXII no. 12 (December 1912): 179-183.

 

“To the Editor of the Philadelphia Medical Journal ” The Journal of Zoöphily  Vol. VIII no. 3 (March 1899): 27-28.
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